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Superparamagnetic hematite spheroids synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity.

Ramesh Vinayagam1, Yash Patnaik1, P Brijesh2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.

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Summary

Green synthesis of superparamagnetic hematite nanoparticles using Muntingia calabura leaf extract is reported. These nanoparticles show high efficiency in degrading methylene blue dye, indicating potential in catalysis.

Keywords:
Fenton-like catalystGreen chemistryHematite nanoparticlesMethylene blue dyeMuntingia calabura

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Green Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Superparamagnetic hematite nanoparticles are valuable for catalysis.
  • Green synthesis methods are crucial for sustainable nanomaterial production.
  • Muntingia calabura leaf extract offers a novel precursor for nanoparticle synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize superparamagnetic hematite nanoparticles using Muntingia calabura leaf extract via a green-chemistry approach.
  • To characterize the synthesized nanoparticles for their structural, magnetic, and thermal properties.
  • To evaluate the catalytic activity of the nanoparticles in degrading methylene blue dye.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of hematite nanoparticles using Muntingia calabura leaf extract.
  • Characterization using Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis.
  • Catalytic degradation of methylene blue dye using a Fenton-like reaction.

Main Results:

  • Formation of irregular nano spheroids (average size 48.57 nm) with Fe and O elements confirmed.
  • Crystalline hematite structure with crystallite size of 30.68 nm and superparamagnetic behavior (saturation magnetization 2.20 emu/g).
  • High methylene blue degradation efficiency of 93.44% achieved, following second-order kinetics.

Conclusions:

  • Muntingia calabura leaf extract enables the green synthesis of crystalline, mesoporous, superparamagnetic hematite nanoparticles.
  • The synthesized nanoparticles exhibit significant potential for catalytic applications, particularly in dye degradation.
  • This study highlights a sustainable route for producing functional nanomaterials for environmental remediation.