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The mechanism of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in patients with COVID-19

Wenbin Zhao1, Hanmeng Li1,2, Jianghua Li3

  • 1School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.

Journal of Medical Virology
|January 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). This review explores the pathogenesis of MODS in SARS-CoV-2 infection using clinical data.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents with diverse systemic symptoms beyond respiratory distress.
  • Critically ill patients frequently develop multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS), a major cause of mortality.
  • SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells is facilitated by the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein, crucial for homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathogenesis of MODS in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To review current clinical data and previous studies on COVID-19-associated MODS.
  • To elucidate the role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2-induced organ failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical data and scientific studies.
  • Analysis of the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Examination of the role of ACE2 in viral entry and organ damage.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to severe systemic complications, including cardiovascular, liver, and kidney dysfunction.
  • MODS is a significant factor in the mortality of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
  • The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 is central to the development of severe pathology and organ failure.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the pathogenesis of MODS in COVID-19 is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • Targeting the SARS-CoV-2-ACE2 interaction may offer therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of multi-organ failure in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

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