Classification of the superior mesenteric artery
Adrian Balcerzak1, Richard Shane Tubbs2,3,4,5,6,7, Anna Waśniewska-Włodarczyk8
1Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.)
|January 28, 2022
Summary
This study characterized superior mesenteric artery (SMA) branching patterns in 30 cadavers, revealing significant morphological variability. A new classification system was proposed to aid surgeons in this complex anatomical area.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Surgical Anatomy
- Vascular Morphology
Background:
- The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) exhibits considerable anatomical variation.
- Accurate knowledge of SMA branching is crucial for surgical procedures in the abdominal region.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the branching pattern and morphology of the SMA.
- To propose a new SMA classification system for improved clinical application.
Main Methods:
- Examination of SMA branching patterns in 30 formalin-fixed cadavers.
- Morphometric measurements performed twice by two independent researchers.
- Development of a novel SMA classification based on observed variations.
Main Results:
- A new SMA classification system identified five types of branching patterns.
- Type I (normal branches) observed in 53.33%, Type II (absent inferior pancreatoduodenal artery) in 26.67%.
- Other variations included absent right colic artery (3.33%), common trunk variations (3.33%), and aberrant hepatic artery (13.33%).
Conclusions:
- The SMA demonstrates high morphological variability with significant clinical implications.
- A structured anatomical classification of SMA variants is necessary for surgical planning and execution.
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