Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

2.5K
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
2.5K
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

2.6K
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
2.6K
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

368
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
368
Magnetic Moment of an Electron01:23

Magnetic Moment of an Electron

1.9K
Electrons revolving around a nucleus are analogous to a circular current carrying loop. This current produces a magnetic dipole moment proportional to the electron's orbital angular momentum. Since the orbital angular momentum is quantized in terms of the reduced Planck's constant, the dipole moment is quantized in the Bohr Magneton. The value of the Bohr magneton is 9.27 x 10-24 Am2. Electrons also have an intrinsic spin angular momentum, and the associated spin magnetic moment is...
1.9K
Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

1.0K
An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
1.0K
Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation01:10

Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation

2.6K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of electric and magnetic field components oscillating in planes perpendicular to each other and mutually perpendicular to radiation propagation through space. EM radiation can be classified as a wave, characterized by the properties of waves such as wavelength (denoted as λ) and frequency (represented by ν).
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Association between alpha-adducin gene rs4963 polymorphism and hypertension risk in Asian population: a meta-analysis.

Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France)·2017
Same author

Towards first-principles understanding of the metal-insulator transition in fluid alkali metals.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2011
Same author

Compensation of effective field in the field-induced superconductor kappa-(BETS)2FeBr4 observed by 77Se NMR.

Physical review letters·2006
Same author

Undressing the Kondo effect near the antiferromagnetic quantum critical point.

Physical review letters·2005
Same author

Singular effects of impurities near the ferromagnetic quantum-critical point.

Physical review letters·2002
Same author

Cell-mediated cleavage of Pseudomonas exotoxin between Arg279 and Gly280 generates the enzymatically active fragment which translocates to the cytosol.

The Journal of biological chemistry·1992

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.8K

Large Diamagnetism and Electromagnetic Duality in Two-Dimensional Dirac Electron System.

S Fujiyama1, H Maebashi2, N Tajima3

  • 1RIKEN, Condensed Molecular Materials Laboratory, Wako 351-0198, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|January 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a new 2D Dirac organic conductor, α-(BETS)2I3, exhibiting large orbital diamagnetism and stable electrical conductivity. This material revives electromagnetic duality, previously only seen in relativistic physics, within solid-state systems.

More Related Videos

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems
07:44

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems

Published on: April 28, 2016

15.2K
Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.8K
Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems
07:44

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems

Published on: April 28, 2016

15.2K
Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state physics
  • Quantum materials
  • Organic conductors

Background:

  • Dirac electron systems in solids simulate relativistic quantum physics.
  • Conventional electrons in solids show bifurcated electric and magnetic responses due to nonrelativistic effects.
  • Unified electromagnetic responses are anticipated in systems mimicking relativistic quantum physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electromagnetic responses of a new 2D Dirac organic conductor, α-(bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene)2I3 (α-(BETS)2I3).
  • To explore the potential revival of electromagnetic duality in solid-state systems.
  • To understand the relationship between electrical conductivity and orbital diamagnetism in this material.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of the novel 2D Dirac organic conductor, α-(BETS)2I3.
  • Measurement of electrical conductivity as a function of temperature.
  • Measurement of orbital diamagnetism along the interplane direction.

Main Results:

  • α-(BETS)2I3 exhibits a large orbital diamagnetism exclusively along the interplane direction.
  • A nearly temperature-independent electrical conductivity of approximately e²/h per plane was observed.
  • The orbital diamagnetism was found to scale with electrical conductivity over a wide temperature range.

Conclusions:

  • The observed phenomena in α-(BETS)2I3 demonstrate a revival of electromagnetic duality in a solid-state system.
  • This duality, typically confined to relativistic frameworks, is shown to be compatible with Maxwell's equations in this material.
  • The findings bridge the gap between relativistic quantum physics and condensed matter phenomena in organic conductors.