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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
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Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

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The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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The OCI-CV-R: A Revision of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory - Child Version.

Amitai Abramovitch1, Jonathan S Abramowitz2, Dean McKay3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of Anxiety Disorders
|January 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Children's Version-Revised (OCI-CV-R) is a reliable tool for assessing obsessive-compulsive symptoms in youth. This updated scale effectively measures OCD symptoms, excluding hoarding, and aids in clinical assessment.

Keywords:
AssessmentDiagnostic sensitivityFactor analysisObsessive compulsive disorderYouth

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Psychological Assessment
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Children's Version (OCI-CV) previously assessed obsessive-compulsive symptoms in youth.
  • The DSM-5 no longer includes hoarding in the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the reliability, validity, factorial structure, and diagnostic sensitivity of a revised OCI-CV (OCI-CV-R) that excludes hoarding items.
  • To adapt the OCI-CV to align with current diagnostic criteria for OCD.

Main Methods:

  • 1047 youth participated, including those with primary OCD, clinical controls, and nonclinical controls.
  • Participants completed the OCI-CV, alongside measures of symptom severity, depression, and anxiety.

Main Results:

  • The OCI-CV-R demonstrated a robust five-factor structure with a higher-order factor, showing factorial invariance across age groups (7-17 years).
  • Internal consistency was acceptable, and discriminant/convergent validity were adequate.
  • A total score of 8 or higher indicated diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for OCD.

Conclusions:

  • The OCI-CV-R is recommended to replace the previous version for assessing youth with OCD.
  • This revised scale should be part of a comprehensive clinical evaluation for pediatric OCD.
  • Further research is needed on diverse samples and establishing benchmark scores.