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Calcified aortic valve disease complicated with and without diabetes mellitus: the underlying pathogenesis

Yujia Chen1, Feng Xiao2, Ruxing Wang2

  • 1Wuxi Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 214023 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
|January 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a prevalent heart condition. Diabetes mellitus accelerates CAVD progression and is an independent risk factor, necessitating further research for effective treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pathology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular heart disease, leading to significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Current treatments for CAVD are limited to surgical or interventional aortic valve replacement.
  • CAVD involves complex pathological processes including endothelial damage, interstitial cell differentiation, matrix remodeling, inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of diabetes mellitus as a risk factor and accelerator of CAVD progression.
  • To explore the relationship between CAVD and diabetes mellitus to identify potential therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CAVD and diabetes mellitus.
  • Analysis of risk factors associated with CAVD, including the impact of diabetes mellitus.
  • Comparison of CAVD progression and treatment outcomes in patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes mellitus has been identified as an independent risk factor that accelerates CAVD progression.
  • Patients with CAVD and diabetes mellitus may benefit from earlier aortic valve replacement.
  • Understanding the interplay between diabetes and CAVD pathogenesis is crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus significantly impacts CAVD, acting as an independent risk factor.
  • Further research into the shared pathogenesis of CAVD and diabetes mellitus is warranted.
  • This understanding may lead to novel prevention and treatment strategies for CAVD patients with diabetes.

Keywords:
Calcific aortic valve diseaseDiabetes mellitusFibrosisInflammationPathogenesis

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