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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

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Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
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Infectious Causes of Stroke.

Sireesha Murala1, Elanagan Nagarajan2, Pradeep C Bollu3

  • 1Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|January 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infections can cause stroke, a leading cause of death. This review highlights common infectious agents, including bacteria, VZV, fungi, and emphasizes COVID-19

Keywords:
COVID-19CoronavirusHIVInfectionMeningitisStrokeZoster virus

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Stroke is a major global cause of death and disability.
  • Infectious agents, though rare, can precipitate stroke events.
  • Understanding these links is crucial for prevention and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common infectious agents causing stroke.
  • To emphasize the role of COVID-19 in stroke etiology.
  • To provide an overview of infection-related stroke mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of infectious agents linked to stroke.
  • Analysis of stroke types (ischemic vs. hemorrhagic) in infections.
  • Focus on specific pathogens: bacterial, viral (VZV), fungal (Cryptococcus, Candida), and SARS-CoV-2.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial agents are frequent causes of infection-related stroke.
  • Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) is a common cause in pediatric and adult populations.
  • COVID-19 is associated with a higher incidence of ischemic strokes.

Conclusions:

  • Infections represent a significant, albeit uncommon, cause of stroke.
  • Timely identification and management of infectious agents are vital.
  • Further research into COVID-19's impact on stroke is warranted.