Sacral Chordoma: A Population-based Analysis of Epidemiology and Survival Outcomes

Sacral chordoma is a rare primary bone neoplasm associated with high morbidity. The aim of this study is to identify demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of this tumor and evaluate their impact on survival outcomes.

The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database collecting data between 2000 and 2018 was searched for all cases of sacral chordoma. We analyzed demographic aspects, cancer stage and treatment patterns. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between subgroups using the log-rank test. A multivariate Cox hazard regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of overall survival.

Four hundred and forty-two patients were identified with a mean age of 62.7 years. Most tumors presented regional invasion at diagnosis (43.2%). Mean overall survival was 124.7 months. No significant difference in terms of overall survival was found between surgery alone and surgery associated with radiotherapy. Both options provided a significantly increased survival than radiotherapy alone. Age of less than 50 years or between 50 and 69 correlated significantly with improved survival.

Age and stage at diagnosis impact significantly survival outcomes. Surgery remains the mainstay treatment with the highest overall survival. Its association with radiotherapy is currently questionable and needs further research.