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Updated: Oct 5, 2025
Author Spotlight: Anterior HR-OCT as a Non-Invasive Tool for Characterizing Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
Published on: August 9, 2024
Ocular surface squamous neoplasia in India: a study of 438 patients
Swathi Kaliki1, Vijitha S Vempuluru2, Neha Ghose2
1The Operation Eyesight, Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, 500034, India. kalikiswathi@yahoo.com.
Purpose:
To describe the clinical features, histopathology, treatment, and outcomes of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) presenting to a referral centre in India.
Methods:
Retrospective interventional study.
Results:
Of 438 patients, the mean age at presentation was 49 years. Human immunodeficiency virus infection was noted in 72 (16%), xeroderma pigmentosum in 22 (5%), hepatitis B virus infection in 14 (3%), and systemic cancer in 8 (2%) patients. Tumor pigmentation was noted in 243 (54%) tumors with a mean percentage of tumor pigmentation of 44% (median, 40%; range, 1 to 100%). Intraocular tumor extension was noted in 12 (3%), and orbital tumor extension in 16 (4%) eyes. Of the 381 treated lesions, excisional biopsy (n = 247; 65%) was the most common treatment modality. Of the 311 lesions with histopathology diagnosis of OSSN, invasive squamous cell carcinoma (n = 92; 30%) was the most common. Over a mean follow-up period of 11 months (median, 5 months; range, 1 to 108 months) in 368 patients, tumor recurrence was noted in 16 (4%) eyes, globe salvage was achieved in 341 (90%) eyes, vision salvage in 338 (89%) eyes, regional lymph node metastasis occurred in 9 (2%), and metastasis-related death in 9 (2%) patients.
Conclusion:
Pigmented OSSN is common in Asian Indian population. Appropriate management of OSSN is associated with good vision, globe, and life salvage rates in India.
