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College integration and social class.

María José Álvarez-Rivadulla1, Ana María Jaramillo2,3, Felipe Fajardo4

  • 1Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 Nº 18A- 12, Bogotá, Colombia.

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|January 31, 2022
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Summary

Low socioeconomic status (SES) students integrate well into elite universities, contrary to expectations. Intense relational work helps them build diverse social networks, with middle-class peers acting as key facilitators for cross-class friendships.

Keywords:
College integrationColombiaFriendship networksInter-class relationsSegregationSer Pilo PagaSocial class

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology of Education
  • Higher Education Studies
  • Social Network Analysis

Background:

  • Higher education is diversifying, but integrating underprivileged students remains a challenge.
  • Understanding social class impact on college integration is crucial for equitable access.
  • Elite universities face unique challenges in integrating students from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the social integration and network segregation of low socioeconomic status (SES) students at an elite university.
  • To identify barriers and facilitators to cross-class friendships in higher education.
  • To examine the role of relational work in the integration of low-SES students.

Main Methods:

  • Mixed-methods approach combining surveys, in-depth interviews (61), and ethnographic observation.
  • Social network analysis to map and quantify student connections.
  • Case study of an elite Colombian university admitting low-SES students via a government loan program.

Main Results:

  • Low-SES students exhibited comparable network sizes and integration levels to upper-class peers.
  • Student networks were not significantly segregated by social class.
  • Cross-class friendships, particularly with upper-class students, required substantial relational work.
  • Middle-class students acted as crucial catalysts for facilitating cross-class interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Contrary to existing literature, low-SES students demonstrate significant social integration in elite higher education settings.
  • Relational work and the mediating role of middle-class peers are key factors in successful integration.
  • Findings challenge assumptions about inherent social isolation among underprivileged students in diverse university environments.