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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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The Prognostic Role of Metabolic and Endocrine Parameters for the Clinical Severity of COVID-19

Shokoufeh Bonakdaran1, Parvin Layegh1, Solmaz Hasani2

  • 1Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Disease Markers
|January 31, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Higher white blood cell (WBC) counts and longer hospital stays predict worse outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). These factors are key indicators for assessing COVID-19 severity and prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • The global outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) presents a significant public health challenge.
  • Understanding risk and prognostic factors is crucial due to COVID-19's high morbidity and mortality rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between metabolic and endocrine parameters and the prognosis of COVID-19.
  • To identify risk factors for critical illness and poor outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional clinical study involving 70 severe COVID-19 patients.
  • Collected laboratory data (including complete blood count, metabolic panel, and hormones) and outcome data.
  • Analyzed patient data by ICU admission and survival status to determine prognostic factors.

Main Results:

  • Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count and phosphate levels correlated with higher ICU admission rates.
  • Univariate analysis indicated serum T3, phosphate, WBC, and hospitalization duration were linked to mortality.
  • Multivariate analysis identified WBC count and hospitalization duration as independent predictors of mortality in COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Higher WBC count and longer hospitalization duration are associated with adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • These findings highlight the prognostic value of WBC count and hospitalization duration for COVID-19 severity.
Abstract

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