Vitamin D Deficiency as an Independent Predictor of Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly
N I Zhernakova1, S S Bunova1, N M Agarkov1
1FGAOU VO, Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia.
Insights
Low vitamin D levels (25(OH)D) are linked to higher risks of myocardial infarction (MI) in the elderly. Maintaining adequate vitamin D may help predict and improve cardiovascular health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality globally, with increasing prevalence.
- Vitamin D deficiency is a growing concern, potentially impacting various physiological systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular health in the elderly.
- To explore the role of vitamin D deficiency in myocardial infarction (MI).
Main Methods:
- Enzyme immunoassay to measure serum 25(OH)D levels in elderly patients with and without MI.
- Analysis of lipid metabolism using a KoneLab 300 auto-analyzer.
- Comparison of vitamin D levels and deficiency rates between MI patients and controls.
Main Results:
- Elderly individuals without MI exhibited significantly higher 25(OH)D levels (24.5±1.2) compared to those with MI (14.8±1.3).
- High rates of vitamin D deficiency (53.6±5.1%) and insufficiency (12.6±3.4%) were observed in the MI group.
- Vitamin D plays a role in lipid metabolism, reducing cholesterol accumulation in macrophages.
Conclusions:
- Serum vitamin D levels serve as a prognostic predictor for MI in the elderly.
- Vitamin D deficiency is a significant risk factor and laboratory predictor for MI, irrespective of other pathological changes.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common causes of disability and death in the world, and the number of patients with this category of diseases is increasing every year. This study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin D and the problems caused by its deficiency on the cardiovascular system. Level of D-(25(OH]D) in blood was studied by enzyme immunoassay in 95 elderly patients with myocardial infarction (MI) (the main group) and 92 elderly patients with no history of MI. The level of lipid metabolism as an indicator was determined using a KoneLab 300 auto-analyzer. Based on the results of this study, it was found that the elderly group without MI had the highest amount of D-(25(OH]D)(24.5±1.2), compared to the elderly group with MI (14.8±1.3). The rates of expressed deficiency, deficiency, and insufficiency in the group of elderly with MI were 53.6±5.1, 23.2±4.4, and 12.6±3.4%, respectively. This experiment has shown that D-(25(OH]D) is involved in lipid metabolism and reduces the accumulation of cholesterol by macrophages. The content of vitamin D in blood plasma was a prognostic predictor of MI, which improved MI in the elderly. Regardless of pathological changes, the deficit level of D-(25(OH]D) should be considered a laboratory predictor of MI in the elderly.
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