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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays
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Hematological changes in SARS-COV-2 positive patients.

Mafalda Urbano1, Elísio Costa2, Catarina Geraldes1

  • 1Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal.

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
|January 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hematological parameters like leukocyte and neutrophil counts, along with lymphocyte and platelet levels, can help predict mortality in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. These blood markers aid in clinical decisions and prognosis evaluation.

Keywords:
Covid-19Hematological changesHemogramICU-Intensive care unitMortalitySARS-COV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The novel SARS-CoV-2 infection, causing COVID-19, has led to global health challenges since January 2020.
  • Previous observations in COVID-19 patients include leukopenia, lymphopenia, and hypercoagulability with elevated D-dimers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if specific blood parameters can serve as biomarkers for facilitating diagnosis and establishing prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To analyze hemogram parameters at admission and their association with intensive care unit (ICU) admission and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study involving 274 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients admitted to two Portuguese public hospitals between March 15 and April 15, 2020.
  • Analysis of socio-demographic and analytical data, including hemogram parameters at admission.
  • Statistical analysis to determine associations between blood parameters, ICU admission, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Patients requiring ICU admission showed increased leukocytes and neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes, and elevated platelets.
  • Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and mean globular volume tended to decrease, while lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly higher.
  • Age, sex, platelets, lymphocyte count, neutrophil counts, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, erythrocytes, and cell hemoglobin concentration mean (CHCM) were independently associated with mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Hematological data obtained at hospital admission can effectively predict mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • These findings support the use of hemogram parameters in clinical decision-making and patient prognosis evaluation for COVID-19.