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Related Concept Videos

Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

278
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
278

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A determination of pan-pathogen antimicrobials?

Praveen Prathapan1

  • 1New Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom.

Medicine in Drug Discovery
|January 31, 2022
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Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs. This review identifies four existing therapeutics with pan-pathogen properties, offering a new approach to pandemic preparedness.

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BioterrorismCOVID-19Drug repositioningHost-pathogen interactionPan-pathogen antimicrobialPandemic

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Drug Discovery
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Antimicrobial drug development traditionally focuses on known pathogens.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic exposed a critical gap in therapeutics for emerging infectious diseases.
  • There is a need for 'in-advance' drugs effective against a wide range of pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify existing therapeutics with 'pan-pathogen' properties.
  • To explore a novel paradigm for antimicrobial development.
  • To inform pandemic preparedness strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review and consolidation of drug repositioning studies.
  • Evaluation of therapeutics based on a previously-established system.
  • Identification of drugs exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

Main Results:

  • Four therapeutics demonstrated pan-pathogen properties: azithromycin, ivermectin, niclosamide, and nitazoxanide.
  • These drugs represent a new class of antivirals.
  • Recognition of pan-pathogen antimicrobials is key to a novel development paradigm.

Conclusions:

  • Pan-pathogen antimicrobials are crucial for anticipating future pandemics and bioterrorist threats.
  • This approach leverages conserved host-pathogen interaction mechanisms.
  • The discovery has significant implications for global health security and pandemic preparedness.