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Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Analysis and Quantification of Intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T Cells
Published on: February 8, 2018
Pan-immune-inflammation value independently predicts disease recurrence in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma
T Gambichler1, S Said2, N Abu Rached2
1Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany. t.gambichler@klinikum-bochum.de.
Purpose:
We aimed to determine whether the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) at primary diagnosis differs from controls and whether it is associated with disease stage and outcome.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, we recruited MCC patients with stage I-III. PIV was calculated from absolute complete blood cell counts obtained within one week at MCC diagnosis as follows: [neutrophils (103/mm3) × platelets (103/mm3) × monocytes (103/mm3)]/lymphocytes (103/mm3). As controls, we studied age-gender-matched cutaneous melanoma (CM, stage I-III) patients and healthy controls (HC). Univariate and multivariate statistics were used.
Results:
The median PIV in MCC patients was significantly increased compared to both CM patients as well as healthy controls. PIV of MCC patients in stage II and III was significantly higher compared to stage I patients. ROC analysis revealed that MCC recurrence was significantly associated with a PIV greater than 372 [p < 0.0001, Youden index 0.58; hazard ratio: 4 (95% confidence interval: 1.7 to 9.2)]. In multivariate analysis, only a PIV greater than 372 and higher MCC stage were determined as independent predictors for disease recurrence.
Conclusion:
We determined, for the first time, the prognostic ability of the promising blood-based biomarker PIV in MCC patients and observed that PIV is increased in MCC patients in dependence on disease stage and independently predicts MCC recurrence.
Insights
The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is elevated in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients and predicts recurrence. Higher PIV correlates with advanced MCC stage, offering a promising blood-based prognostic biomarker.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hematology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer with a high recurrence rate.
- Identifying reliable prognostic biomarkers is crucial for managing MCC patients.
- The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is a novel hematological index.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) differs in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients at diagnosis compared to controls.
- To assess the association between PIV, MCC disease stage, and patient outcomes.
- To determine the prognostic value of PIV in predicting MCC recurrence.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of MCC patients (Stage I-III) and matched controls (cutaneous melanoma and healthy individuals).
- Calculation of PIV using absolute blood counts: (neutrophils × platelets × monocytes)/lymphocytes.
- Statistical analysis including univariate, multivariate, and ROC analyses to evaluate PIV's association with disease stage and recurrence.
Main Results:
- Median PIV was significantly higher in MCC patients compared to both cutaneous melanoma patients and healthy controls.
- PIV was significantly increased in Stage II and III MCC patients compared to Stage I.
- A PIV > 372 was independently associated with MCC recurrence (HR: 4; 95% CI: 1.7-9.2), predicting recurrence with 0.58 Youden index.
Conclusions:
- The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is elevated in MCC patients and increases with disease stage.
- PIV serves as a novel, promising blood-based prognostic biomarker for MCC.
- Elevated PIV independently predicts disease recurrence in MCC patients.
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