Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

8.1K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
8.1K
Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Repeated Measures, Cross-Over, Carry-Over, and Latin Square Designs01:15

Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Repeated Measures, Cross-Over, Carry-Over, and Latin Square Designs

6
Body:Bioequivalence experimental study designs play a pivotal role in testing the effectiveness of various treatments. Key among these are the repeated measures, cross-over, carry-over, and Latin square designs. In the repeated measures design, each subject receives all treatments, allowing for temporal comparisons. This type of design is useful in reducing variability but requires careful planning to avoid bias.The cross-over design, an economical method, involves sequential administration of...
6
Group Design02:01

Group Design

9.8K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
9.8K
Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Completely Randomized and Randomized Block Designs01:20

Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Completely Randomized and Randomized Block Designs

5
Body:Bioequivalence experimental study designs are crucial methodologies used in evaluating and comparing the bioavailability of different drug products. These designs are categorized into various types: completely randomized, randomized block, repeated measures, cross and carry-over, and Latin square designs.Completely randomized designs involve randomly allocating treatments to all subjects participating in the experiment. This allocation is achieved by assigning unique random numbers to...
5
Censoring Survival Data01:09

Censoring Survival Data

270
Survival analysis is a statistical method used to analyze time-to-event data, often employed in fields such as medicine, engineering, and social sciences. One of the key challenges in survival analysis is dealing with incomplete data, a phenomenon known as "censoring." Censoring occurs when the event of interest (such as death, relapse, or system failure) has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period or is otherwise unobservable, and it might have many different...
270
Blinding01:11

Blinding

3.4K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exploring the Relationship Between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Negative Symptoms Subtypes in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis.

Early intervention in psychiatry·2026
Same author

Improving Social Functioning in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychotic Disorders With a Virtual Reality Based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: The Feasibility and Acceptability of REVIVE.

Early intervention in psychiatry·2026
Same author

The Staging Model in Psychosis and Preventive Interventions: An Emerging Field With Debates on Conceptual Models and Interpretation of the Evidence Base.

Early intervention in psychiatry·2026
Same author

Comparative profiles of anomalous self-experiences and social cognition in clinical high risk for psychosis and autism spectrum disorder.

Schizophrenia research. Cognition·2026
Same author

Public perceptions and willingness-to-pay regarding over-the-counter (OTC) naloxone: A national cross-sectional survey informed by the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy·2026
Same author

Premorbid adjustment problems, negative symptoms, and cognitive impairment in a large international sample at clinical high risk for psychosis: Findings from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership-Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

14.7K

Baseline data of a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (STEP study).

Jessica A Hartmann1,2, Barnaby Nelson1,2, Günther Paul Amminger1,2

  • 1Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Early Intervention in Psychiatry
|January 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The Staged Treatment in Early Psychosis (STEP) trial found sequential interventions acceptable for individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR). This research highlights the need for early intervention in UHR populations.

Keywords:
antidepressant medicationclinical trialprodromepsychosisultra-high risk

More Related Videos

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

4.9K
Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

14.7K
Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

4.9K
Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Preventative interventions for individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR) are crucial for improving outcomes.
  • The Staged Treatment in Early Psychosis (STEP) trial investigates optimal interventions for the UHR population.
  • Early intervention in psychosis aims to mitigate symptomatic and functional decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the recruitment flow and baseline clinical characteristics of participants in the STEP trial.
  • To assess the acceptability and feasibility of a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) design in the UHR population.
  • To establish the need for and appropriateness of early intervention services for individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.

Main Methods:

  • The STEP trial employed a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) design.
  • Recruitment occurred between April 2016 and January 2019, involving help-seeking young people.
  • Data collected included demographics, clinical characteristics, and participant flow from initial contact to enrollment.

Main Results:

  • Out of 1343 assessed individuals, 342 were enrolled; common exclusion was antidepressant medication use.
  • The enrolled sample predominantly had non-psychotic DSM-5 diagnoses, with moderate clinical severity and functional impairment.
  • The study demonstrated the acceptability and positive appraisal of sequential treatment by participants.

Conclusions:

  • The STEP trial confirms the feasibility and acceptability of a sequential treatment approach for individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.
  • Findings underscore the significant psychiatric morbidity and functional impairment in the UHR group, validating the need for timely care.
  • This research supports the appropriateness of tailored, sequential interventions for early psychosis prevention.