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Ana Cristina Basto-Abreu1, Nancy López-Olmedo2, Rosalba Rojas-Martínez3

  • 1Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.. ana.basto@insp.mx.

Salud Publica De Mexico
|January 31, 2022
PubMed
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Diabetes prevalence in Mexico remains high, with many adults undiagnosed and poor glycemic control. Improving screening and management are crucial for better diabetes care.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Mexico faces a significant diabetes burden, with high prevalence rates impacting public health.
  • Understanding the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and glycemic control is essential for effective public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the prevalence of diabetes (diagnosed and undiagnosed) and assess glycemic control in Mexico.
  • To identify factors associated with diabetes and its glycemic control in the Mexican population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Ensanut surveys of 2018 (n=12,648) and 2020 (n=2,309).
  • Defined diabetes based on fasting glucose (≥126 mg/dl), HbA1c (≥6.5%), or prior diagnosis.
  • Defined glycemic control as HbA1c <7% and employed Poisson regression models to analyze associated factors.

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Main Results:

  • The prevalence of diabetes was 16.8% in 2018 and 15.7% in 2020.
  • A significant proportion of adults with diabetes were unaware of their condition (38% in 2018, 29% in 2020).
  • Glycemic control was achieved by 42% in 2018 and 39% in 2020. Older age, dietary habits, and healthcare affiliation were linked to better control, while longer disease duration was associated with poorer control.

Conclusions:

  • Mexico exhibits one of the highest diabetes prevalence rates globally.
  • A substantial number of adults with diabetes lack a prior diagnosis, and overall glycemic control remains suboptimal.
  • Enhanced screening for early diagnosis and improved strategies for glycemic control are imperative for diabetes management in Mexico.