The nature and consequences of camel-related injuries: A scoping review with special reference to Arab Middle Eastern...

Animal-related injuries are a substantial but under-reported, emerging public health problem contributing considerably to worldwide morbidity and death. Understanding the behavior of big animals may help in injury prevention. Camels are large long-neck ungulates of the genus Camelus that have been domesticated for millennia as a mode of transportation, race, and food source. Camel-related injuries are not well studied when compared with other animals' injuries. Camels can occasionally be very hostile to humans, inflicting serious injuries. These injuries can be caused by camel bites, falls from their backs, kicks, or collisions with motor vehicles. The relative magnitude of each mechanism has never been extensively studied in the literature. Furthermore, the incidence of camel-related injuries is not well reported worldwide. Camels remain a potential cause of serious injuries and a public health problem for some countries in the Middle East. There are gaps in the incidence, risk factors and mechanism, distribution of camel-related injuries. We aimed to summarize the data and draw conclusions pertaining not just to the most common mechanism of injury but to demographics, incidence, severity, and appropriate methods of prevention of camel-related injuries. This scoping review findings will help for better understanding of the nature and consequences of camel-related injuries, and to improve the existing preventive and management strategies.