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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity
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Successful mainstream nitritation through NOB inactivation.

D Hausherr1, R Niederdorfer2, H Bürgmann2

  • 1Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.

The Science of the Total Environment
|February 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stable partial nitritation (ammonium oxidation) was achieved by suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) using an anaerobic phase in a bottom-fed sequencing batch reactor (SBR). This wastewater treatment method enhances efficiency at low temperatures and varying influent conditions.

Keywords:
AnaerobicMunicipal wastewaterNOB inactivationNitritationPlug flow

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Microbiology
  • Wastewater Treatment

Background:

  • Partial nitritation anammox (PNA) offers energy savings and nitrate reduction in wastewater treatment.
  • Achieving stable nitritation under mainstream conditions remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in a bottom-fed sequencing batch reactor (SBR).
  • To explore the mechanism behind NOB suppression for stable nitritation.

Main Methods:

  • Operation of two bench-scale and one pilot-scale bottom-fed SBRs for over a year.
  • Integration of an anaerobic phase into the SBR operating cycle.
  • Analysis of process data and batch experiments to identify factors affecting NOB growth and inactivation.

Main Results:

  • Introduction of an anaerobic phase effectively suppressed NOB regrowth, enabling stable nitritation for over 300 days.
  • Stable nitritation was maintained down to 8 °C and with low ammonium influent concentrations (< 25 mgNH4-N/L).
  • NOB inactivation, rather than washout, was identified as the primary mechanism for suppression at high solids retention times (SRT).

Conclusions:

  • Bottom-fed SBRs with anaerobic phases facilitate stable nitritation across a wide range of operational parameters.
  • This approach enables efficient mainstream anammox-based wastewater treatment when coupled with an anammox reactor.