Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I01:13

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I

8
Compendial dissolution methods are standardized procedures defined by pharmacopeias to evaluate the rate at which a drug dissolves in a specific medium. These methods ensure batch-to-batch consistency, enable quality control, and support the prediction of drug bioavailability. They are critical for both immediate and modified-release drug products.The apparatuses used for dissolution testing differ in their design and mechanical function, but all aim to simulate the physiological environment of...
8
Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model01:20

Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model

6.2K
The two-compartment model divides the body into central and peripheral compartments to account for varying blood perfusion rates among organs and tissues, affecting drug distribution. The central compartment includes blood and highly perfused tissues with rapid drug distribution, while the peripheral compartment contains tissues with slower drug distribution. After a single IV bolus dose, the drug concentration is high in plasma and low in tissues. The drug distribution between compartments...
6.2K
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II01:09

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II

5
Various dissolution methods are utilized to assess a drug’s dissolution rate, including the flow-through cell, paddle-over-disk, cylinder, and reciprocating disk methods.The flow-through cell apparatus (USP (United States Pharmacopeia) method 4) comprises a reservoir for the dissolution medium and a pump that propels the medium through the cell containing the test sample. This method is crucial for assessing modified-release dosage forms with minimally soluble active ingredients,...
5
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

241
Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...
241
Three-Compartment Open Model01:06

Three-Compartment Open Model

504
The three-compartment open model is a pharmacokinetic model used to describe the distribution and elimination of drugs following extravascular administration. It comprises a central compartment representing the plasma and two peripheral compartments. The highly perfused peripheral compartment represents organs and tissues with a rich blood supply, such as the liver, kidneys, and lungs. The scarcely perfused peripheral compartment represents tissues with lower blood supply, such as adipose...
504
Drug Dissolution: Requirements and Profile Comparison01:14

Drug Dissolution: Requirements and Profile Comparison

28
The acceptance criteria for dissolution profile data are anchored in Q values, representing the percentage of drug dissolved within a specified period. This assessment unfolds in three stages:First Stage: The test passes if all six drug dosage units are equal to or greater than Q plus 5%; otherwise, the sample proceeds to the second stage.Second Stage: The average of twelve units must be equal to or greater than Q, with no unit falling below Q - 15% to pass; if not, it progresses to the final...
28

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Circulating microRNA profiles associated with tick bite and debilitating symptom complexes attributed to ticks (DSCATT).

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Surface Preparation and its Effect on Sticking.

Pharmaceutical research·2026
Same author

Feasibility of an adjunctive INtervention for Debilitating symptom complexes attributed to ticks (FIND): study protocol for a randomised, waitlist-controlled feasibility trial.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Real-world treatment and utilization of venetoclax for incident acute myeloid leukemia in a Medicare population.

Future oncology (London, England)·2025
Same author

Patient characteristics, burden of disease, healthcare resource utilization and costs in acute myeloid leukemia - a retrospective observational study with German claims data.

Journal of comparative effectiveness research·2025
Same author

Tabletability Enhancement of Acetaminophen Coated with a Nanocellulose Suspension using a Fluidized Bed.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2025
Same journal

Enhanced Stability and Transdermal Delivery of Semaglutide Using an L-Arginine Based Dissolving Microneedle System.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

The Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of a Triple Synergistic Nanoplatform Designed for Targeted Subcutaneous Delivery of Sitagliptin with Potential for β-Cell Preservation.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Repurposing Non-oncologic Drugs via Targeted Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Synergistic Combinations, and Clinical Translation.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Targeting Permeability Barriers By Strategic Selection of Thiol Containing Coformer for Novel Cocrystals of Metformin.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Plume Geometry Matters: Investigating the Contribution of Mass-Based Plume Geometry to Aerosol Delivery Efficiency in pMDIs.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same journal

Eigenrate-Based Thermodynamic Decomposition of Competing Release Mechanisms in Polymeric Nano- and Microspheres: The MMIR-S Framework with Arrhenius Dual-Population Burst Kinetics and Log-Normal Polydispersity Averaging.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Automated Contraction Analysis of Human Engineered Heart Tissue for Cardiac Drug Safety Screening
10:39

Automated Contraction Analysis of Human Engineered Heart Tissue for Cardiac Drug Safety Screening

Published on: April 15, 2017

13.0K

Direct Compaction Drug Product Process Modeling.

Alexander Russell1, John Strong2, Sean Garner2

  • 1Operations Science & Technology, AbbVie, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany. alexander.russell@abbvie.com.

AAPS Pharmscitech
|February 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing solid dosage forms faces challenges from raw material variations and scale-up. Science-based process modeling is crucial for efficient development and manufacturing of direct compaction products.

Keywords:
direct compactiondrug productpharmaceutical technologyprocess engineeringprocess modeling

More Related Videos

Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols
15:04

Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols

Published on: May 20, 2016

11.1K
Mechanostimulation of Multicellular Organisms Through a High-Throughput Microfluidic Compression System
09:56

Mechanostimulation of Multicellular Organisms Through a High-Throughput Microfluidic Compression System

Published on: December 23, 2022

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Automated Contraction Analysis of Human Engineered Heart Tissue for Cardiac Drug Safety Screening
10:39

Automated Contraction Analysis of Human Engineered Heart Tissue for Cardiac Drug Safety Screening

Published on: April 15, 2017

13.0K
Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols
15:04

Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols

Published on: May 20, 2016

11.1K
Mechanostimulation of Multicellular Organisms Through a High-Throughput Microfluidic Compression System
09:56

Mechanostimulation of Multicellular Organisms Through a High-Throughput Microfluidic Compression System

Published on: December 23, 2022

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Process Modeling

Background:

  • Solid dosage form development is complex, with challenges arising from raw material variability, batch size, and equipment scale-up impacting product quality and process control.
  • Increasing demands for faster development and optimization necessitate robust, science-based approaches to manufacturing.
  • Direct compaction is a common method for solid dosage form manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements in process modeling for unit operations in direct compaction batch manufacturing.
  • To highlight key developments in the past five years.
  • To suggest future research directions in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on process modeling techniques applied to direct compaction.
  • Analysis of recent advances (last 5 years) in modeling unit operations.
  • Identification of trends and gaps in current research.

Main Results:

  • Process modeling platforms offer targeted solutions for optimizing and troubleshooting direct compaction manufacturing.
  • Recent advances have improved the predictive capabilities of models for various unit operations.
  • Modeling provides a science-based approach to manage variability and ensure product quality.

Conclusions:

  • Process modeling is essential for efficient and robust development of solid dosage forms via direct compaction.
  • Continued research in advanced modeling techniques will further enhance process understanding and control.
  • Future studies should focus on integrating multi-scale modeling and real-time data for enhanced manufacturing.