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Mathematical Modelling in Hydrocephalus
Agnieszka Kazimierska1, Arkadiusz Ziółkowski1, Magdalena Kasprowicz1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
Background:
Various studies highlight the significance of alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) dynamics in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus and suggest the role of mathematical modeling in studying these complex interactions.
Objective:
This narrative review discusses mathematical models of CSF and CBF dynamics, including Marmarou's compartmental model of CSF spaces and a model of cardiac changes in cerebral arterial blood volume. The diagnostic utility of CSF compensatory parameters is described along with current information on secondary model-based indices of cerebral hemodynamics in hydrocephalus.
Conclusions:
Compensatory parameters derived from the model of CSF circulation have long been used in the diagnosis and management of hydrocephalus patients. However, recent studies using mathematical models of cerebral circulation also show alterations in CBF dynamics, and model-based indices of cerebral hemodynamics, which can be calculated non-invasively using transracranial Doppler ultrasonography, can be used as a complementary source of information about the state of the cerebrospinal space.
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