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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Post Traumatic Hydrocephalus: Incidence, Pathophysiology and Outcomes.

Phelix Rufus1, Ranjith K Moorthy1, Mathew Joseph1

  • 1Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Neurology India
|February 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Post-traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) affects a significant number of patients after traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially those undergoing decompressive craniectomy (DC). Early identification and management are crucial for better outcomes.

Keywords:
Cerebrospinal fluid dynamicspost-traumatic hydrocephalusrisk factorssubdural hygromatraumatic brain injurytraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Neurology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Post-traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is a known complication following traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  • Patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy (DC) for TBI have a higher incidence of PTH.
  • PTH is associated with prolonged hospital stays and poorer patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and risk factors of PTH in patients who underwent DC.
  • To review existing literature on PTH regarding incidence, risk factors, pathophysiology, and management outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 95 TBI patients who underwent DC over a 5-year period.
  • Literature review of PTH using PUBMED database.

Main Results:

  • 31.6% of patients developed ventriculomegaly; 7.3% developed symptomatic PTH requiring a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS).
  • No specific risk factors for PTH were identified within this study cohort.
  • Literature suggests younger age, TBI severity, subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hygroma, and delayed cranioplasty as potential risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • PTH is a significant complication of TBI, impacting patient outcomes.
  • Distinguishing PTH from asymptomatic ventriculomegaly is vital for timely intervention.
  • Early planning of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion procedures can improve outcomes for PTH patients.