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Related Concept Videos

Cranial and Spinal Meninges01:19

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

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The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
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Malignant Meningitis Associated with Hydrocephalus.

Ashutosh Kumar1, Jayesh C Sardhara1, Guramritpal Singh1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Neurology India
|February 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant meningitis (MM), often from lung or breast cancer, presents diagnostic challenges. Current management focuses on palliative care and quality of life due to a grim prognosis.

Keywords:
Focal radiotherapyRANOintrathecal chemotherapyleptomeningeal metastasismalignant meningitismetastasis management

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Malignant meningitis research
  • Cancer metastasis to the central nervous system

Background:

  • Malignant meningitis (MM) involves leptomeningeal infiltration by cancer cells, commonly from lung and breast cancers.
  • MM presents with varied clinical signs due to multifocal involvement.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical examination, neuroimaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current advances in diagnosing and managing malignant meningitis (MM).
  • To discuss the management of MM-associated hydrocephalus.
  • To highlight the importance of quality of life in treatment decisions for MM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review using PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Focus on recent randomized controlled trials and clinical trials for MM.
  • Inclusion of factors like performance status, neurological findings, and primary tumor evaluation.

Main Results:

  • MM diagnosis requires a combination of clinical, imaging, and CSF findings.
  • Management includes focal irradiation, chemotherapy, and palliative shunting for hydrocephalus.
  • The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) group recommends objective disease assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advances, the prognosis for malignant meningitis remains poor.
  • Treatment decisions should prioritize patient quality of life.
  • Ongoing research explores novel therapeutic approaches for MM.