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Updated: Oct 5, 2025
Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
Published on: October 14, 2022
The Leftover Shunts - Ventriculosubgaleal, and Ventriculocholecystal Shunts
1Park Neuroscience Service, Park Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Insights
Ventriculosubgaleal shunts treat hydrocephalus in neonates and children. Ventriculocholecystal shunts serve as a last resort when other treatments fail.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.
- Germinal matrix hemorrhage and post-infective causes are significant contributors to hydrocephalus in infants and children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of less common shunt procedures: ventriculosubgaleal and ventriculocholecystal shunts.
- To detail the indications and applications of these shunts in pediatric neurosurgery.
Main Methods:
- Review of institutional protocols and clinical experience with ventriculosubgaleal and ventriculocholecystal shunts.
- Analysis of shunt usage across various pediatric age groups and hydrocephalus etiologies.
Main Results:
- Ventriculosubgaleal shunts are an established treatment for hydrocephalus secondary to germinal matrix hemorrhage in neonates.
- These shunts are also utilized for post-infective hydrocephalus in children, with broad indications in those under six months.
- Ventriculocholecystal shunts are reserved as salvage procedures for complex cases where conventional treatments have been unsuccessful.
Conclusions:
- Ventriculosubgaleal shunts offer a valuable therapeutic option for specific pediatric hydrocephalus populations.
- Ventriculocholecystal shunts represent a critical, albeit less common, intervention for refractory hydrocephalus cases.
Abstract:
The two shunts that are performed much less and are included here for completeness are the ventriculosubgaleal shunt and the ventriculocholecystal shunt. The ventriculosubgaleal shunt is an established treatment of hydrocephalus following germinal matrix hemorrhage in low-birth-weight neonates. It is also used in the treatment of post-infective hydrocephalus in children. In our institution protocol, we have used this shunt in a wide variety of indications, especially in children below six months of age. Ventriculocholecystal shunts are very much a salvage shunts when all else fails.
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