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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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Advancing the Development of Recyclable Aromatic Polyesters by Functionalization and Stereocomplexation.

Hua-Zhong Fan1, Xing Yang1, Jia-Hao Chen1

  • 1National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|February 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel aromatic polyesters from thiosalicylic acid and epoxides. These high-performance polymers exhibit excellent thermal stability, mechanical strength, and can be fully depolymerized, enabling a circular economy for advanced materials.

Keywords:
Functionalizable PolymersPolyesterRecyclable PolymersRing-Opening PolymerizationStereocomplexation

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • The demand for advanced polymers with both high performance and recyclability is increasing.
  • Current polymers often face trade-offs between depolymerizability and mechanical or thermal properties.
  • Developing sustainable synthetic polymer systems is crucial for future material applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel aromatic cyclic esters and their corresponding polyesters.
  • To investigate the structure-property relationships, focusing on thermal and mechanical performance.
  • To demonstrate the efficient depolymerization and recyclability of the synthesized polyesters.

Main Methods:

  • Facile one-pot synthesis of aromatic cyclic esters (M1-M5) from thiosalicylic acid and epoxides.
  • Ring-opening polymerization of the cyclic esters to yield aromatic polyesters (P(M)s).
  • Characterization of polymer properties including molecular weight, dispersity, thermal stability (Tm), crystallinity, and mechanical strength.
  • Demonstration of post-polymerization modification and selective depolymerization.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized aromatic cyclic esters and high molecular weight aromatic polyesters with narrow dispersities.
  • Achieved high thermal stability (Tm up to 209°C) and crystallinity.
  • Obtained polyolefin-like mechanical properties, including high strength, ductility, and toughness.
  • Demonstrated efficient post-polymerization modification and selective depolymerization into monomers with excellent yields.

Conclusions:

  • Developed high-performance aromatic polyesters with tunable properties via stereocomplexation and side-chain engineering.
  • Established a circular life cycle for these polymers through selective monomer recovery.
  • These findings offer a promising route towards sustainable and high-performance polymer materials.