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Trismus therapy devices: A systematic review.

Charters E1, Dunn M2, Cheng K3

  • 1School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia.

Oral Oncology
|February 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trismus devices can improve jaw opening in established cases, but their preventative use is unproven. Barriers include cost, adherence, and safety concerns.

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

  • Trismus, or restricted jaw opening, is treated with various devices, often alongside exercise programs.
  • The goal of these interventions is to enhance maximal inter-incisal opening (MIO).
  • This study evaluates the efficacy, adverse events, patient experience, and cost of different trismus treatment devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of various trismus devices in improving maximal inter-incisal opening (MIO).
  • To assess patient-reported outcomes, adverse events, consumer experience, and cost-effectiveness of trismus treatment devices.
  • To determine the role of trismus devices in both established trismus and preventative settings.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across four databases from 2001-2021 using keywords 'trismus' and 'device'.
  • Two independent reviewers assessed study eligibility and performed quality analysis.
  • Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.

Main Results:

  • Trismus devices significantly improved MIO in established cases (mean increase of 9.5 mm) but not in preventative settings.
  • The Therabite® device was most frequently studied, showing a 10.0 mm MIO increase at a cost of $499 AUD.
  • Adverse events (n=8) included fractures, and patient-reported barriers included pain, ill-fitting devices, cost, and adherence issues.

Conclusions:

  • Force-applying trismus devices are effective for improving MIO in patients with established trismus.
  • The efficacy of these devices for preventing trismus during radiotherapy remains unproven.
  • Significant barriers to intervention include cost, exercise adherence, and safety concerns.