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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

947
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
947
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

874
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
874
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

741
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
741

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19
06:29

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19

Published on: May 25, 2022

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SARS-COV-2 PANDEMIC FROM THE OPHTHALMOLOGIST`S PERSPECTIVE. A REVIEW.

R Navarčík, I Popov, J Valašková

    Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie : Casopis Ceske Oftalmologicke Spolecnosti a Slovenske Oftalmologicke Spolecnosti
    |February 2, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can affect the eyes, potentially entering through the ocular surface. Ophthalmologists must manage eye inflammation and patient safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Keywords:
    ACE2COVID-19SARS-CoV-2conjunctivitiscoronavirusocular surface

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    Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Virology

    Background:

    • The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic emerged in late 2019.
    • Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, are enveloped ssRNA viruses with implications for human health.
    • The ocular surface, expressing ACE2 receptors, is a potential entry point for SARS-CoV-2.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an ophthalmologist's perspective on SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    • To discuss the ocular manifestations of COVID-19.
    • To highlight the risks and management strategies for ophthalmologists during the pandemic.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current literature on SARS-CoV-2 and ocular involvement.
    • Clinical observations and management of ophthalmology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    • Discussion of potential infection routes and risks for eye care professionals.

    Main Results:

    • Common COVID-19 symptoms include fever, cough, and dyspnea.
    • Ophthalmologic conditions like conjunctivitis, uveitis, retinitis, and optic neuritis are associated with SARS-CoV-2.
    • Viral RNA can be detected in the conjunctival sac of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

    Conclusions:

    • Conjunctivitis is a frequent ocular symptom in COVID-19 patients.
    • Ophthalmologists face unique risks due to patient interaction and exposure to ocular secretions.
    • Effective management requires addressing both ocular inflammation and patient/provider safety protocols.