Collagen isolation and characterization from Sardinella longiceps

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Marine Biology
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Collagen, a key fibrous protein, is vital for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
• Sourcing collagen sustainably is crucial for industrial demands.
• Fish processing byproducts represent an underutilized resource.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize type-1 collagen from Sardine longiceps.
• To evaluate fish waste (scales, skin, muscle) as a collagen source.
• To confirm the suitability of extracted collagen for industrial use.

Main Methods:

• Collagen extraction using acid-solubilized and pepsin-solubilized methods.
• Molecular weight determination via SDS-PAGE.
• Confirmation of collagen type using UV-visible spectrophotometry.
• Functional group analysis with FTIR.
• Crystallinity assessment by XRD.
• Amino acid profiling using HPLC.

Main Results:

• SDS-PAGE indicated molecular weights for α-1 and α-2 chains.
• UV-visible spectrophotometry confirmed type-I collagen.
• FTIR analysis identified characteristic collagen functional groups (amide A, B, I, II, III).
• XRD confirmed the crystallinity of the isolated collagen.
• HPLC revealed high glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline content.

Conclusions:

• Sardine longiceps waste (scales, skin, muscle) is a viable source of type-1 collagen.
• The characterized collagen possesses properties suitable for pharmaceutical and biomedical industries.
• This research supports sustainable sourcing of collagen from fish byproducts.