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Constrictive pericarditis: rare but reversible cause of protein losing enteropathy

Nishant C Shah1, Laszlo Kiraly2,3, Hazem El Badaoui1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiac Science, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Cardiology in the Young
|February 2, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Constrictive pericarditis, a rare condition in children, can cause protein losing enteropathy. Surgical pericardiectomy resolved this complication in a 2-year-old, highlighting a novel treatment approach for this pediatric condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

  • Constrictive pericarditis is an infrequent condition in pediatric populations.
  • It typically arises as a sequela of viral or idiopathic pericarditis, leading to pericardial scarring and reduced elasticity.
  • Protein losing enteropathy is a rare but serious complication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of protein losing enteropathy as a complication of constrictive pericarditis in a young child.
  • To illustrate the diagnostic utility of cardiac MRI in identifying pericardial thickening.
  • To demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of pericardiectomy in resolving this complex condition.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 2-year-old child diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis.
  • Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) utilized for pericardial assessment.
  • Surgical intervention involving pericardiectomy performed.

Main Results:

  • Constrictive pericarditis was diagnosed in the pediatric patient.
  • Cardiac MRI confirmed significant pericardial thickening.
  • Following pericardiectomy, the patient experienced substantial clinical improvement and resolution of protein losing enteropathy.

Conclusions:

  • Protein losing enteropathy can occur as a complication of constrictive pericarditis in children.
  • Cardiac MRI is a valuable tool for diagnosing pericardial disease.
  • Pericardiectomy offers a potentially curative treatment for this rare complication, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Constrictive pericarditispericardiectomyprotein losing enteropathy

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