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Advancing Endodormancy Release in Temperate Fruit Trees Using Agrochemical Treatments
Jesús Guillamón Guillamón1, Federico Dicenta1, Raquel Sánchez-Pérez1
1Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo, Spain.
Frontiers in Plant Science
|February 3, 2022
Summary
Temperate fruit trees need chill hours to flower properly. Global warming reduces chill accumulation, so agrochemicals like hydrogen cyanamide, Erger, and Syncron are used to advance endodormancy release and improve fruit production.
Area of Science:
- Horticulture
- Plant Physiology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Endodormancy is a protective state in temperate fruit trees, crucial for surviving winter and ensuring proper flowering and fruit set.
- Accumulation of sufficient chill hours is essential for breaking endodormancy; insufficient chilling leads to asynchronous flowering and reduced fruit quality.
- Global warming poses a significant threat to natural chill accumulation, impacting fruit tree productivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the use of agrochemicals in promoting endodormancy release in temperate fruit trees.
- To compare the efficacy and safety of different agrochemicals, including traditional and novel alternatives.
- To highlight recent findings on the biochemical and genetic impacts of these treatments.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing scientific literature on endodormancy and agrochemical applications in fruit trees.
- Analysis of studies investigating the effects of hydrogen cyanamide, Erger® + Activ Erger®, and Syncron® + NitroActive® on endodormancy release.
- Examination of research on the biochemical and genetic variations induced by these treatments, focusing on reactive oxygen species, ABA, and GA pathways.
Main Results:
- Hydrogen cyanamide effectively advances endodormancy release and synchronizes flowering but carries toxicity concerns.
- Erger® + Activ Erger® and Syncron® + NitroActive® are popular non-toxic alternatives that show efficiency in advancing endodormancy release across various species.
- Treatments induce significant biochemical and genetic variations, including changes in reactive oxygen species, abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellin (GA) levels.
Conclusions:
- Agrochemicals are vital for managing endodormancy release in the face of climate change, but safer alternatives are increasingly preferred.
- Further research is needed to discover and develop new, environmentally friendly agrochemicals for endodormancy modulation.
- A deeper understanding of the biochemical and genetic effects of these treatments is crucial for sustainable fruit production.
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