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Published on: April 24, 2016
Morphological changes in salivary glands of neonatal rats after intra-abdominal hypertension
N S Morozova1, A A Mamedov, E A Kogan
1Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. ad.a.mamedov@yandex.ru.
Insights
Neonatal intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) can cause long-term salivary gland damage in rats. The severity of this damage correlates with the severity of IAH, suggesting potential oral health risks for affected children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Experimental pathology
- Salivary gland biology
Background:
- Elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), leading to intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS), is a significant clinical concern.
- Modern medicine has improved outcomes for IAH and ACS, but long-term sequelae require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the long-term effects of experimentally induced neonatal intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) on salivary gland structure and function in rats.
- To determine if the severity of neonatal IAH correlates with the degree of subsequent salivary gland damage.
Main Methods:
- Neonatal rats were subjected to controlled intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) using intravesical manometry and abdominal cavity collagen filler injection.
- The induced IAH was maintained for ten days.
- Salivary glands were examined for pathological changes 120 days post-induction.
Main Results:
- Rats exposed to ten days of IAH exhibited pathological changes in their salivary glands 120 days later.
- The severity of observed sialadenitis (salivary gland inflammation) was directly correlated with the severity of the experimentally induced IAH.
- Individual variations in organ response to hypoxia and IAH were noted.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal IAH can lead to persistent salivary gland pathology.
- Children with a history of severe IAH may require proactive management for potential oral and systemic health issues, including salivary gland dysfunction.
- Further research is warranted to explore the comprehensive impact of IAH on various organs, including the dentofacial system.
Objective:
Given the overall prevalence of elevated Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), along with earlier detection and appropriate therapy of Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS), a significant reduction in patient morbidity and mortality is currently achieved by modern medicine. This article assesses the long-term degree of salivary gland damage in rats depending on the severity of experimental IAH during the neonatal period.
Materials And Methods:
To simulate IAH, newborn rats, under the control of intravesical manometry, were injected into the abdominal cavity with bulking collagen filler in the amount necessary to create a given level of IAP.
Results:
As shown by the results obtained, rats exposed to intra-abdominal hypertension for ten days had pathological changes in their salivary glands within 120 days. The severity of sialadenitis revealed a correlation with the severity of IAH. Some rats had individual reactions expressed in relative resistance to their organs' abnormalities under hypoxia.
Conclusions:
It was concluded that children with severe IAH history might need the disease prevention of the CNS, kidneys, digestive, and respiratory systems and oral diseases, particularly diseases involving the salivary glands. Future research is supposed to investigate further the IAH effect on various organs and tissues, including the dentofacial system.
