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Calciphylaxis: Part I. Diagnosis and pathology.
Jonathan Rick1, Lindsay Strowd2, Helena B Pasieka3
1University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|February 3, 2022
Summary
Calciphylaxis, a vascular calcification disorder, causes painful skin necrosis and high mortality. Early diagnosis is challenging due to non-specific signs, requiring expert knowledge of risk factors and physical findings.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Calciphylaxis is a rare, severe condition causing painful skin necrosis due to vascular calcification.
- It leads to high morbidity and mortality, with diagnostic challenges.
- Current literature lacks expert-guided diagnostic approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an expert-driven update on the standard of care for diagnosing and managing calciphylaxis.
- To guide practicing dermatologists in identifying and treating this complex condition.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes current knowledge and expert opinion on calciphylaxis diagnosis and management.
- It emphasizes risk factors and physical signs crucial for suspicion.
Main Results:
- Diagnosis is complicated by the absence of definitive serologic, radiographic, or visual markers.
- Identifying calciphylaxis necessitates a thorough understanding of patient risk factors and clinical presentation.
- A broad differential diagnosis for tissue necrosis must be considered.
Conclusions:
- An expert-informed approach is essential for accurate calciphylaxis diagnosis.
- Dermatologists need updated guidance on the standard of care for this devastating disorder.
