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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Oral Microbiota Changes Contribute to Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice.

Y Qiao1, W Gong1, B Li1

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China.

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Summary

The oral microbiota from children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can induce ASD-like behaviors in mice. This highlights the mouth-microbial-brain connection in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Keywords:
16S rRNAbehaviorbrainintestinesmouthtranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The oral microbiota is increasingly linked to neurologic conditions, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • Previous research suggests a role for the gut microbiota in ASD pathogenesis.
  • The specific contribution of oral microbiota to ASD development requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if oral microbiota from children with ASD contributes to ASD pathogenesis.
  • To investigate the effects of transferring ASD-associated oral microbiota on behavior and neurobiology in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Oral microbiota from ASD and typical development (TD) donors were transferred to germ-free mice.
  • ASD-like behaviors, oral and intestinal microbiota structures, and prefrontal cortex gene expression were analyzed.
  • Machine learning was employed to identify specific microbial contributions.

Main Results:

  • Mice receiving ASD oral microbiota exhibited ASD-like behaviors, including impaired social interaction.
  • Significant alterations in oral and intestinal microbial structures were observed in ASD microbiota recipients.
  • ASD microbiota recipients showed altered gene expression in the prefrontal cortex, including upregulated serotonin-related genes.

Conclusions:

  • Oral microbiota from children with ASD can induce ASD-like behaviors and neurobiological changes in mice.
  • This study establishes a mouth-microbial-brain connection in ASD pathogenesis.
  • Specific oral bacteria, such as *Porphyromonas* sp. HMT 930, may play a causal role in ASD.