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Activation of Functional Somatic Stem Cells Promotes Endogenous Tissue Regeneration.

W Li1,2, X Huang1, W Yu1,3

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|February 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Resveratrol enhances periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) for tissue regeneration by boosting stemness and immunomodulation. This approach activates endogenous stem cells, offering a novel autotherapy for conditions like periodontitis.

Keywords:
autotherapyimmunomodulationperiodontal ligament derived stem cells (PDLSCs)periodontitisregenerative medicineresveratrol

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Periodontal research

Background:

  • Periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSCs) possess multipotent differentiation and immunomodulatory capabilities crucial for tissue regeneration.
  • Activating endogenous stem cells for self-healing remains a significant challenge in regenerative medicine and periodontics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of resveratrol on PDLSC stemness, differentiation, and immunomodulatory functions.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying resveratrol's action on PDLSCs.
  • To evaluate resveratrol's therapeutic potential in a periodontitis model.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptome analysis of resveratrol-treated PDLSCs.
  • Assessment of PDLSC self-renewal and multipotent differentiation capacity.
  • In vivo study using a periodontitis animal model with resveratrol administration.

Main Results:

  • Resveratrol significantly enhanced PDLSC stemness, self-renewal, and multipotent differentiation potential.
  • Resveratrol treatment markedly increased the immunomodulatory capacity of PDLSCs.
  • Resveratrol activated ERK/WNT crosstalk via olfactory and growth factor pathways, upregulating RUNX2 and FASL.
  • In vivo, resveratrol partially rescued bone loss in periodontitis models by activating endogenous stem cells and reducing inflammatory T-cell infiltration.

Conclusions:

  • Resveratrol is a potent pharmacological agent that promotes PDLSC stemness and immunomodulation, enhancing regenerative potential.
  • The study identifies a novel mechanism involving ERK/WNT signaling for osteogenesis and immunomodulation.
  • Resveratrol represents a promising autotherapy strategy for endogenous tissue regeneration, particularly in periodontal disease.