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Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Three-dimensional Patterning of Engineered Biofilms with a Do-it-yourself Bioprinter

Three-dimensional Patterning of Engineered Biofilms with a Do-it-yourself Bioprinter

Published on: May 16, 2019

Biomimetic 3D living materials powered by microorganisms.

Daniel Wangpraseurt¹, Shangting You², Yazhi Sun²

¹Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.

Trends in Biotechnology

|February 4, 2022

Summary

3D bioprinting is now fabricating living materials using microorganisms. These innovative biomimetic materials hold potential for diverse applications in medicine, biotechnology, and environmental restoration.

Keywords:

3D bioprinting algae bioenergy hydrogel living tissues microbial life symbiosis

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Last Updated: Oct 4, 2025

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Synthetic Biology

Background:

3D bioprinting extensively creates complex mammalian tissue constructs.
It has significantly advanced tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Emerging applications involve fabricating living tissues for microbial cultivation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the principles of microorganism-driven 3D biomimetic living materials.
To explore current and potential applications of these novel materials.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on 3D bioprinting and microbial cultivation.
Analysis of biomimetic material design principles.
Exploration of microorganism integration in engineered tissues.

Main Results:

3D bioprinting enables the creation of living materials incorporating microorganisms like microalgae and bacteria.
These materials offer unique functionalities derived from microbial life.
The review covers principles and diverse applications.

Conclusions:

Microorganism-driven 3D bioprinted materials represent a significant advancement in biomaterials.
They show vast potential in biomedicine, biotechnology, living device fabrication, and ecosystem restoration.