Gastric cancer: An epigenetic view

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Epigenetics

Background:

• Gastric cancer (GC) presents a significant global health challenge with poor outcomes often linked to late detection and treatment limitations.
• The complex and heterogeneous nature of GC necessitates precise molecular classification and the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
• Epigenetic mechanisms, encompassing histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs, are increasingly recognized for their critical roles in gastric carcinogenesis and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review key epigenetic alterations in GC, detailing their functions and mechanisms.
• To explore the translation of epigenetic findings from the laboratory to clinical practice for GC diagnosis and treatment.
• To identify areas for future research in the field of GC epigenetics.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer.
• Analysis of existing data on histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs in GC.
• Evaluation of current and potential clinical applications of epigenetic biomarkers and drugs in GC.

Main Results:

• Epigenetic modifications are fundamental drivers of GC initiation and advancement.
• Epigenetic biomarkers show promise for improved GC diagnosis and patient stratification.
• Targeted epigenetic therapies are emerging as a potential treatment strategy for GC.

Conclusions:

• Understanding epigenetic alterations is vital for advancing GC diagnosis and treatment.
• Translating epigenetic research into clinical practice holds significant potential for improving patient outcomes.
• Further investigation into novel epigenetic targets and therapeutic strategies is warranted for effective GC management.