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Updated: Oct 4, 2025
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Rapid Point-of-Care Assay of Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Efficacy in Whole Blood
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The expression, function, and utilization of Protamine1: a literature review
Shengnan Ren1, Xuebo Chen2, Xiaofeng Tian1
1Department of Breast, Thyroid, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xinmin Division of China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Translational Cancer Research
|February 4, 2022
Summary
Protamine 1 (PRM1), crucial for fertilization, is also a cancer testis antigen. Research highlights its roles in spermatogenesis, cancer, and nanomedicine, suggesting therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Spermatogenesis and reproductive biology
- Oncology and cancer immunology
- Biotechnology and nanomedicine
Background:
- Protamine 1 (PRM1) is an arginine-rich protein essential for sperm function and male fertility.
- Abnormal PRM1 expression is linked to infertility and it functions in diverse cellular processes.
- PRM1 is recognized as a cancer testis antigen (CTA) in chronic leukemia and colorectal cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the expression and function of Protamine 1 (PRM1) in spermatogenesis.
- To explore the potential of PRM1 in cancer treatment and nanomedicine.
- To provide insights for future PRM1-based therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search using PubMed with keywords 'protamine 1', 'PRM1', or 'P1'.
- Inclusion of articles published from January 1, 1980, to July 20, 2021.
- Additional data gathered by screening reference lists of identified articles.
Main Results:
- PRM1 is highly conserved and plays critical roles in spermatogenesis.
- PRM1 exhibits diverse biological functions beyond reproduction, including roles in tumorigenesis.
- PRM1's identification as a CTA in certain cancers is noted.
Conclusions:
- Protamine 1 (PRM1) is extensively studied in male infertility.
- Further research into PRM1 could lead to its development as a novel tumor marker.
- PRM1 holds promise as a drug delivery vector with significant clinical implications.
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