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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Correction: Rao et al. Ensemble Deep-Learning-Based Prognostic and Prediction for Recurrence of Sporadic Odontogenic Keratocysts on Hematoxylin and Eosin Stained Pathological Images of Incisional Biopsies. <i>J. Pers. Med.</i> 2022, <i>12</i>, 1220.

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Characterization and Functional Prediction of Bacteria in Ovarian Tissues
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Does microbiome shift play a role in carcinogenesis? A systematic review.

Lavanya Mallika1, Dominic Augustine1, Roopa S Rao1

  • 1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru-560054, Karnataka, India.

Translational Cancer Research
|February 4, 2022
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The human microbiome significantly influences cancer development and progression. Specific microbial shifts, including Candida and HPV, are linked to various cancers, offering new diagnostic and preventive strategies.

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Candida albicansCarcinogenesishuman microbiomemouth neoplasmsoral cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Systematic Review

Background:

  • The human microbiome comprises microbial communities influencing health and disease.
  • Microbial metabolites can contribute to cancer development and progression.
  • Understanding the microbiome-cancer relationship is crucial for medical advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and analyze the contribution of microbiome and microbial shifts to cancer development and progression.
  • To identify specific microbes and microbial shifts implicated in human carcinogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, EBSCO, E-Journals, and Science Direct until May 2018.
  • Data assessed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Cochrane's Risk of Bias Tool used for bias assessment, with 46 articles included in the final review.

Main Results:

  • Microbial shifts involving Candida species, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Helicobacter pylori, and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 & 18 were frequently associated with human cancers.
  • Candida albicans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and HPV-16 showed higher prevalence in oral cancer.
  • The review identified specific microbial players in the carcinogenesis process.

Conclusions:

  • The microbiome plays a multifaceted role in cancer development and progression.
  • Specific microbial shifts are strongly linked to various human cancers, particularly oral cancer.
  • Further research into the microbiome's role in carcinogenesis can lead to novel diagnostic and preventive strategies.