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A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
Published on: July 25, 2022
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Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization and Protection Induced by a Nanoparticle Vaccine
Dapeng Li1,2, David R Martinez3, Alexandra Schäfer3
1Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|February 4, 2022
Summary
A novel nanoparticle vaccine (RBD-scNP) generates strong neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron. This vaccine demonstrated protection in non-human primates and mice against multiple SARS-related viruses.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic necessitates vaccines effective against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
- Previous research established a receptor-binding domain (RBD) sortase A-conjugated ferritin nanoparticle (RBD-scNP) vaccine's potential.
- This vaccine induced neutralizing antibodies and protected against SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 infection in non-human primates.
Approach:
- SARS-CoV-2 RBD-scNP vaccine immunization was administered to non-human primates (NHPs).
- Neutralizing antibody responses against eight SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Beta, Delta, and Omicron, were assessed.
- Efficacy was evaluated through protection against live SARS-CoV-2 variant challenges in NHPs and mice.
Key Points:
- RBD-scNP immunization elicited potent neutralizing antibodies against all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants.
- A mean 10.6-fold reduction in ID50 titers was observed for Omicron neutralization compared to D614G.
- Vaccinated NHPs and mice were protected against challenges with SARS-CoV-2 WA-1, Beta, Delta variants, and other sarbecoviruses.
Conclusions:
- SARS-CoV-2 RBD-scNPs induce broad neutralization of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants.
- The vaccine provides protection in animal models against multiple SARS-related viruses.
- RBD-scNP vaccines offer a promising strategy to combat the spread and severity of diseases caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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