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Subacute thyroiditis complicated with multiple organ failure: A case report.

Hui Jiang1, Xiaoluo Chen1, Li Wang1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.

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Multiple organ failure (MOF) is a rare complication of subacute thyroiditis. This case highlights the importance of vigilance for MOF in patients with subacute thyroiditis, particularly those with pre-existing conditions like diabetes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Subacute thyroiditis is an inflammatory thyroid condition, often viral in origin.
  • Multiple organ failure (MOF) typically arises from severe infection or trauma.
  • MOF as a complication of subacute thyroiditis is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A 48-year-old female with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with subacute thyroiditis.
  • During hospitalization, the patient developed MOF, necessitating intensive care.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via clinical presentation and laboratory findings.

Findings:

  • The patient received intensive care including mechanical ventilation, blood products, and supportive medications.
  • Thyroid function normalized, blood glucose stabilized, and key laboratory markers (transaminases, creatinine, albumin, cardiac enzymes) returned to normal.
  • The patient recovered after a 2-month follow-up period.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the rarity of MOF secondary to subacute thyroiditis.
  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for MOF in subacute thyroiditis patients, especially those with hyperglycemia or immune dysfunction.
  • Early recognition and aggressive management are crucial for favorable outcomes.