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Forage plant estrogens.

A L Livingston

    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
    |March 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Forage plant estrogens, like coumestans and isoflavones, can impact animal reproduction. These compounds, found in plants, are less potent than animal hormones but can cause effects in livestock.

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    Area of Science:

    • Agricultural Science
    • Animal Science
    • Phytochemistry

    Background:

    • Certain forage plants contain high concentrations of naturally occurring plant estrogens.
    • These compounds can elicit significant reproductive and other physiological effects in animals.
    • Forage estrogens are produced by plants as a defense mechanism against diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current knowledge on the occurrence, chemistry, metabolism, and biological effects of forage estrogens.
    • To highlight the main classes and potent compounds within forage estrogens.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of scientific studies on forage plant estrogens.
    • Analysis of chemical structures and potencies of identified estrogenic compounds.
    • Examination of factors influencing estrogen levels, such as plant disease and processing methods.

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    Main Results:

    • Forage estrogens, primarily coumestans (e.g., coumestrol) and isoflavones (e.g., genistein), are identified.
    • Their potency is significantly lower (1/1000 to 1/10,000) than principal animal hormones like estradiol.
    • Alkaline pH processing of alfalfa leaf protein concentrates resulted in very low coumestan levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Forage estrogens are a significant factor in animal health and reproduction due to their presence in feed.
    • Understanding their chemical nature and biological activity is crucial for managing livestock.
    • Processing conditions can influence the levels of these estrogenic compounds in feed ingredients.