Review: RNA-based diagnostic markers discovery and therapeutic targets development in cancer
Hongbo Wang1, Qinghai Meng2, Jinjun Qian2
1School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China; Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, China.
Abstract:
The present review aimed to outline different types of RNAs in cancer diagnostics and treatment, and to provide novel insights into their clinical applications. RNAs, including mRNA, long non-coding (lnc)RNA, circular (circ)RNA and micro (mi)RNA, are now increasingly utilized in the diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. Each aforementioned type of RNA possess their own unique characteristics and could be aberrantly expressed as diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets in different cancers. In addition to mRNAs, which have become a promising alternative in cancer diagnostics and therapy, the uses of lncRNA, circRNA and miRNA in predictive tumor diagnostics and therapy has rapidly increased in recent years. In the present review, the mechanisms of mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA and miRNA in regulating and participating in the development of different cancers were determined, and their potential capacity in cancer diagnostics and therapy were investigated. In addition, the present review analyzed the assoaciations between different RNAs and their subsequent potential in cancer prediction and treatment.
Insights
This review explores messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) for cancer diagnostics and treatment. These RNA types show significant potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in oncology.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- RNAs are increasingly recognized for their roles in cancer development.
- Messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in cellular processes.
- Aberrant expression of these RNAs is linked to various cancer types.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review different types of RNAs in cancer diagnostics and treatment.
- To provide insights into the clinical applications of various RNAs.
- To investigate the potential of RNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on RNA in cancer.
- Analysis of mechanisms by which mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs regulate cancer.
- Investigation of the clinical utility of these RNAs in cancer prediction and therapy.
Main Results:
- mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs exhibit unique characteristics relevant to cancer.
- Aberrant expression of these RNAs can serve as diagnostic markers.
- These RNAs hold promise as therapeutic targets for various cancers.
Conclusions:
- RNAs, including mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, and miRNA, are crucial in cancer diagnostics and treatment.
- Understanding their mechanisms and aberrant expression is key to developing novel therapies.
- Further research into RNA-based strategies can significantly advance cancer care.
