Computational modeling in pregnancy biomechanics research

Area of Science:

• Bioengineering
• Computational Biology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Major obstetrical syndromes affect 10-15% of pregnancies globally, causing significant costs.
• Pregnancy involves complex physiological processes across multiple maternal organ systems.
• Computational biomechanical approaches are increasingly used to study pregnancy due to research limitations in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the history and current state of pregnancy bioengineering research.
• To highlight the application of computational approaches in exploring the maternal-fetal dyad.
• To demonstrate the potential of in silico experiments in pregnancy research.

Main Methods:

• Fracture models to analyze preterm pre-labor rupture of fetal membranes.
• Utero-placental interface models focusing on trophoblast function.
• Multiscale framework to examine maternal cardiovascular adaptation during pregnancy.

Main Results:

• Fracture models provide insights into the mechanisms of preterm pre-labor rupture of membranes.
• Utero-placental interface models elucidate the immunological interactions at the maternal-fetal boundary.
• Multiscale cardiovascular models reveal hormonal and mechanical influences on maternal heart growth.

Conclusions:

• Computational biomechanical approaches offer powerful tools for studying complex pregnancy phenomena.
• In silico research enables targeted investigations not feasible in human subjects.
• Bioengineering significantly advances our understanding of maternal-fetal health and pregnancy disorders.