Soleus H-reflex modulation during a double-legged drop landing task

Muscle spindle afferent feedback is modulated during different phases of locomotor tasks in a way that facilitates task goals. However, only a few studies have studied H-reflex modulation during landing. This study aimed to characterize soleus (SOL) H-reflex modulation during the flight and early landing period of drop landings. Since landing presumably involves a massive increase in spindle afferent firing due to rapid SOL muscle stretching, we hypothesized H-reflex size would decrease near landing reflecting neural modulation to prevent excessive motoneuron excitation. The soleus H-reflex was recorded during drop landings from a 30 cm height in nine healthy adults. Electromyography (SOL, tibialis anterior (TA), medial gastrocnemius, and vastus lateralis), ankle and knee joint motion and ground reaction force were recorded during landings. Tibial nerve stimulation was timed to elicit H-reflexes during the flight and early ground contact period (five 30 ms Bins from 90 ms before to 60 ms after landing). The H-reflexes recorded after landing (0-30 and 30-60 ms) were significantly smaller (21-36% less) than that recorded during the flight periods (90-0 ms before ground contact; P ≤ 0.004). The decrease in H-reflex size not occurring until after ground contact indicates a time-critical modulation of reflex gain during the last 30 ms of flight (i.e., time of tibial nerve stimulation). H-reflex size reduction after ground contact supports a probable neural strategy to prevent excessive reflex-mediated muscle activation and thereby facilitates appropriate musculotendon and joint stiffness.