Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Laser Microirradiation to Study In Vivo Cellular Responses to Simple and Complex DNA Damage
Published on: January 31, 2018
PARP1 is activated by membrane damage and is involved in membrane repair through poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation
Masato Mashimo1, Momoko Kita1, Akari Nobeyama1
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Japan.
Abstract:
Mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation are posttranslational modifications evolutionarily conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They entail transfer of one or more ADP-ribose moieties from NAD+ to acceptor proteins with the simultaneous release of nicotinamide. The resultant ADP-ribosylated acceptor proteins regulate diverse cellular functions. For instance, ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 (ART1) catalyzes mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of arginine residues in Trim72, a protein specifically expressed in muscle cells and involved in cell membrane repair, which is enhanced upon its ADP-ribosylation. By contrast, the contribution made by ADP-ribosylation to membrane repair in epithelial cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the involvement of ADP-ribosylation in cell membrane repair in HEK293T and HeLa cells. We found that upon induction of membrane damage using streptolysin-O, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) catalyzed poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. In scratch assays, inhibition of PARP1 activity using the nonspecific PARP inhibitor PJ34 or shRNA targeting PARP1 delayed wound healing, suggesting that PARP1-catalyzed poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation plays a key role in membrane repair in epithelial cells.
More Related Videos
10:12Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications
Published on: April 21, 2023
06:44Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging
Published on: April 28, 2021
Related Concept Videos
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
Long-patch Base Excision Repair
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Base Excision Repair
The first step of...
Homologous Recombination