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Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...

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Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Application of Laser Microdissection to Uncover Regional Transcriptomics in Human Kidney Tissue

Application of Laser Microdissection to Uncover Regional Transcriptomics in Human Kidney Tissue

Published on: June 9, 2020

Spatial transcriptomics and the kidney.

Ricardo Melo Ferreira¹, Debora L Gisch, Michael T Eadon

¹Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension

|February 7, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Spatial transcriptomics maps gene expression within kidney tissue, aiding in disease understanding and identifying therapeutic targets. This technology complements existing methods for a comprehensive view of kidney health.

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Area of Science:

Renal pathology
Molecular biology
Genomics

Background:

Spatial transcriptomics is emerging as a powerful tool for kidney research.
It allows mapping of gene expression within the complex kidney tissue architecture.

Purpose of the Study:

To review spatial transcriptomics technologies and their applications in kidney disease.
To discuss potential kidney-specific applications based on other organ systems.

Main Methods:

Overview of various spatial transcriptomics technologies.
Analysis of recent studies applying these technologies to kidney disease.

Main Results:

Spatial transcriptomics enables whole transcriptome mRNA localization and correlation with histology.
It facilitates in situ expression change measurement and subcellular transcript localization.
Innovations aid in developing human kidney atlases and identifying therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

Spatial gene expression localization complements existing kidney disease research methods.
Spatial technologies are crucial for localizing disease signatures.
Further integration of whole transcriptome and subcellular data is needed for individualized kidney disease assessment.