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Central Retinal Vein Occlusion in a Young Healthy COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Mohamed Al-Abri1, Adil Al-Musalami2, Bader Al-Rawahi3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Seeb, Oman.

Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This case study highlights a rare instance of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) following COVID-19 infection. Intravitreal aflibercept effectively treated the vision-threatening complication.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic associated with thromboembolic complications.
  • Retinal vascular occlusions are a potential, though uncommon, manifestation of severe COVID-19.
  • This report details a case from Oman, expanding the geographical understanding of COVID-19's ocular effects.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 33-year-old male presented with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and macular edema in the left eye after COVID-19 infection.
  • Standard risk factors for thromboembolic events were ruled out.
  • The patient received a single intravitreal injection of aflibercept (2 mg).

Findings:

  • Significant clinical improvement in CRVO symptoms was observed post-treatment.
  • Complete resolution of macular edema in the affected eye was achieved.
  • This represents the first reported case of CRVO following COVID-19 in Oman.

Implications:

  • COVID-19 may be an independent risk factor for retinal vascular events like CRVO.
  • Intravitreal aflibercept demonstrates therapeutic potential for managing post-COVID-19 CRVO.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathophysiology and long-term outcomes of ocular complications post-COVID-19.

Keywords:
Central retinal vein occlusionintravitreal injectionmacular edemasevere acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)

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