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Related Concept Videos

Topographic Surveying and Contours01:29

Topographic Surveying and Contours

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Topographic surveying is critical for documenting the Earth's surface, focusing on capturing elevations, slopes, and natural and man-made features. It is essential in construction planning, water resource management, and land-use analysis. The primary outcome of such surveys is a topographic map, which uses contour lines to visually represent the shape and slope of the terrain, providing valuable insights into the landscape's characteristics.Contour lines are fundamental to understanding the...
326
Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device

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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Plotting of Topographic Maps01:29

Plotting of Topographic Maps

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Topographic maps represent the Earth's surface features using contour lines, which connect points of equal elevation to create a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional terrain. Creating a topographic map requires a systematic approach.Begin by plotting a scaled grid and marking intersections corresponding to the survey's elevation data points. Assign elevation values at these intersections to build the base map. Next, determine contour levels using a consistent contour interval,...
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Design Example: Marking Boundaries of a Site Using a Compass01:12

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Marking site boundaries using a compass is a precise surveying technique that ensures the accuracy of boundary delineation. The process begins by using provided site details, including the bearings and lengths of each boundary line. The initial step involves calculating latitudes and departures for all sides of the site. This computation verifies that the traverse is free of errors, ensuring a closed and accurate boundary.The process starts at a known point, such as Point A, which is often...
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Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations01:25

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Traverse angle computations are a critical component of surveying, used to compute the internal angles within a closed traverse. A traverse consists of a series of connected lines forming a closed loop, often used for land boundary delineation or mapping. Calculating the internal angles ensures accuracy in the traverse geometry and is essential for checking survey data integrity.The process begins with known azimuths and bearings of the traverse sides. Internal angles at each vertex are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Technical Approach for Infrared Tracking for Soft Tissue Navigation with a Holographic Head-Mounted Display and Preclinical Validation
10:25

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Published on: September 2, 2025

103

Navigation in Contour-Drawn Scenes Using Augmented Reality.

Tadamasa Sawada1, Alejandro Mendoza Arvizu1, Maddex Farshchi1

  • 1School of Psychology, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation.

I-Perception
|February 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People can navigate real environments using contour-drawings, but performance varies by scene type. Navigation was challenging in natural settings but easier in urban environments, indicating visual system adaptability.

Keywords:
3D perceptionaugmented realitycontour-drawinghead-mounted display (HMD)line-drawingnavigation/wayfindingscene perception

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Computer Vision

Background:

  • The human visual system effectively processes 3D information from various visual cues, including contour drawings.
  • Understanding navigation capabilities using simplified visual representations in dynamic, real-world settings is crucial for augmented reality (AR) applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of contour drawings for real-time human navigation in dynamic environments.
  • To determine if the visual system's adaptability influences navigation performance based on environmental visual characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel augmented reality (AR) device for immersive display of real-time contour drawings of the surroundings.
  • An observational field study was conducted where researchers navigated real-world environments while using the AR device.

Main Results:

  • Navigation using contour drawings proved difficult in natural environments.
  • Navigation using contour drawings was significantly easier in urban environments.
  • The study highlights a differential performance based on the visual complexity and type of environment.

Conclusions:

  • The human visual system demonstrates adaptability in processing contour-based visual information for navigation.
  • Distinct visual characteristics of natural versus urban environments impact navigation performance with contour drawings.
  • Findings suggest potential for AR systems utilizing simplified visual information, with environment-specific considerations.