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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
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Visual working memory performance is intact across development in autism spectrum disorder.

Andrew Lynn1, Beatriz Luna2, Kirsten O'Hearn3

  • 1Department of Psychology & Human Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|February 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Working memory (WM) development in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was examined. Visual WM for color, shape, and pattern improved similarly across age in both ASD and typical development (TD) groups.

Keywords:
attentionautismchild developmentvisual processingworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by atypical visual processing and working memory (WM) deficits.
  • Visual WM typically develops throughout childhood and adolescence, but this developmental trajectory may differ in ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of visual working memory (VWM) across different visual features in individuals with and without ASD.
  • To determine if VWM capacity and performance improve similarly with age in both typically developing (TD) and ASD populations.

Main Methods:

  • A change detection task was employed to assess VWM for color, shape, and pattern.
  • Participants included children, adolescents, and adults, both with and without ASD.
  • Performance was analyzed based on age group and visual feature.

Main Results:

  • VWM capacity and performance for color, shape, and pattern demonstrated similar improvements across age in both TD and ASD groups.
  • While performance varied with set size for some features, this pattern was consistent between groups.
  • No significant differences were found in the developmental improvements of VWM across visual features between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Visual working memory for various visual features appears to be intact across development in individuals with ASD.
  • Developmental improvements in visual working memory are comparable between autistic and typically developing individuals.
  • These findings suggest that core visual working memory mechanisms develop similarly in ASD and typical development.