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Safety of JAK inhibitors: focus on cardiovascular and thromboembolic events

Fabiola Atzeni1, Călin D Popa2, Valeria Nucera1

  • 1Rheumatology Unit, Department of Experimental and Internal Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
|February 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) may impact cardiovascular risk and thromboembolic events. Further research is needed to clarify their role in RA patients

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology and Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Four Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) are approved for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) treatment.
  • While most disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may be cardioprotective, the cardiovascular (CV) risk modulation by JAKis is not fully understood.
  • RA patients have an inherent increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidities and venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to chronic inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of JAKis on cardiovascular risk, atherosclerosis, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
  • To examine the effect of JAKis on thromboembolic risk in patients with RA and PsA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical data on JAKis, cardiovascular risk, and thromboembolic events.
  • Analysis of the relationship between JAK inhibition, inflammation, atherosclerosis, and VTE.

Main Results:

  • The precise effect of JAKis on cardiovascular risk and atherosclerosis remains under investigation.
  • The role of JAKis in modulating the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a significant concern in RA patients.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the cardiovascular and thromboembolic effects of JAKis is crucial for managing RA and PsA patients.
  • Further studies are essential to determine whether JAKis control or induce cardiovascular complications and VTE in the context of chronic inflammation.
Abstract

Keywords:
JAKicardiovascular riskthromboembolismtrombosistsDMARDs

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